Deafness in Dogs

Dogs have much sharper hearing than humans, letting them pick up sounds inaudible to us. They can also pick up frequencies within the ultrasound spectrum, which we're unable to hear. Deafness in dogs is a relatively common condition and can occur from birth or develop over time.

Let's take a look at the main factors that can cause deafness and the most noticeable symptoms, as well as the options we have to address this problem.

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Why Do Dogs Go Deaf?

The factors that can cause canine deafness are quite varied and can be classified mainly as acquired or congenital. In the first case, deafness appears due to a condition (such as an infection) or trauma; in the second, it's present from birth and depends on factors such as breed.

There are also different degrees of deafness. When total, the dog can't hear any of the sounds generated around it. When partial, it means it can still pick up some. Deafness can also be unilateral (only one ear) or bilateral (when both ears are affected).

Congenital Deafness

The breeds most prone to deafness are the Dalmatian, Bull Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, and Saint Bernard. Generally, white dogs have a higher genetic predisposition to this condition, related to a lack of pigmentation inside the ear. This can cause deafness even in puppies.

Acquired Deafness

Among the most common causes of acquired deafness, we'd highlight the following:

• An infection in the ear canal or otitis, which can be internal or external. Trauma or a blow to the dog's head.

• Parasite infestation (especially mites), which causes secretions that block the ear canal.

• Presence of a foreign body in the ear canal.

• Excess wax buildup, which ends up forming a plug.

• An adverse effect of certain drugs.

• Constant exposure to loud noises, which damages the ear's nerves.

• Canine distemper.

• A tumor or neoplasm in the ear or brain.

If it's due to an infection or a blockage, the dog will likely regain its hearing with the right treatment. But other times, unfortunately, it may not be reversible. Advanced age also predisposes to developing deafness.

Either way, it's the vet who can assess the condition of the dog's ear and offer a reliable diagnosis.

What Symptoms Does a Deaf Dog Show?

The symptoms indicating deafness in dogs will vary based on the cause preventing it from hearing normally. Some of the most obvious signs are the following:

• Frequent head shaking, which is usually due to an ear infection. It's usually associated with pain in the area.

• Turning its head in different directions, trying to figure out where a certain sound is coming from (when deafness is unilateral).

• Crusting on the outer part of the ear.

• Dark or even black-colored earwax.

• Loss of balance. The inner ear also plays a role in regulating balance.

• Reduced or absent reaction to environmental noises or sounds. It doesn't respond when we call it.

Due to hearing loss, the dog may seem somewhat disobedient, or you may notice changes in its behavior. If it has a hearing problem, it's not that it's ignoring you — it's that it can't hear you. If you suspect this is happening, our advice is to take it to the vet for a thorough exam, since that's the only way to be sure.

What Is the Treatment for Canine Deafness?

Besides observing its behavior and studying its medical history, the vet will run various tests and diagnostic exams, such as X-rays or the BAER test, which will help determine whether a dog has hearing problems, and to what degree. Based on these results, the specialist will recommend the treatment to follow.

If the deafness is due to simple otitis and is caught in time, normally, after giving antibiotics or other treatments that help resolve the infection, the dog will regain normal hearing within a matter of days. When there's a wax plug involved, proper cleaning will be enough for our furry friend to hear like before.

However, sometimes there's no possible treatment (as in congenital deafness), in which case there's no other option than to accept the situation and help our friend have the best possible quality of life.

Finally, it's important to remember that a dog being unable to hear doesn't mean it's unhealthy or that it will become more aggressive or antisocial. With your affection, understanding, and care, your canine companion will surely manage to adapt and have the full life it deserves.